Human Genome Project

Human Genome Project (human genome project, HGP) by the United States in 1985, scientists first proposed, in 1990, formally launched. United States, Britain, the Republic of France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan and Chinese scientists participate in the value of 3,000,000,000 U.S. dollars of the Human Genome Project. The plan aims to more than 30 billion base pairs constitute the human genome sequencing accuracy and found that all of the human genome and its clear position on the chromosome, deciphering the genetic information of all mankind. And the Manhattan atomic bomb program and the Apollo lunar landing program and called the three major science programs. June 26, 2000, to participate in the Human Genome Project of the United States, Britain, the Republic of France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan and China's State 6, scientists announced that the draft of the human genome map has been completed. Completion of the sequencing requirements of the final map used in the cloning can be faithful to the autosomal on behalf of the genome structure, sequence error rate of less than one ten thousandth. 95% of the euchromatin region has been sequenced, each of the Gap is less than 150kb. Completion of the map will be completed in 2003, is expected to more than 2 years ahead of schedule. Scientists in the United States and Britain on May 18, 2006 in the UK "Nature" magazine published an online version of the last of the human chromosomes - 1 gene on chromosome sequencing. In all 22 pairs of human autosomal, chromosome 1 contains the largest number of genes, at 3141, is twice the average, a total of more than 223,000,000 base pairs are also the most difficult to decipher. A 150 United Kingdom and the United States team of scientists took 10 years to complete the sequencing of chromosome 1 of the work. Scientists announced that more than one occasion of the Human Genome Project was completed, but the introduction of all this is not the whole, this time fixing the "book of life" is more accurate coverage of the human genome, 99.99%. Interpretation of the human genetic code the "book of life" declaration, which lasted 16 years, the Human Genome Project finished writing the last chapter.